Self-preservation to determination: the employment sector
Self-preservation to determination: the employment sector
This chapter highlights the extent to which not discrimination, but rather a desire for self-employment and economic independence, has frequently determined the overall performance and behaviour of Muslim immigrants in both Newcastle and Bremen's employment sectors. Research reveals how these immigrants used training and capital-accumulation in order to establish small businesses, indicating that economic independence was often a long-term goal. The chapter charts both communities from the time of their arrival in the 1960s through to the 1990s. It highlights the initial differences between Turkish Gastarbeiter in Bremen who adhered to the stringent and restrictive patterns of the guest-worker rotation system and Newcastle's Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi immigrants who enjoyed economic mobility and aspiration from the outset.
Keywords: Occupation, Employment, Businesses, Self-employment, Entrepreneurship, Guest-workers, Aspiration
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